Graphology is a science with its basis just like all the other sciences; empirical, and scientific exploration of hypothesis and experimentation. The various character traits that match up with the various graphological traits have been thouroughly tested through the traditional scientific methods.

Graphology is a science and should be best left to experts in the field. It takes years of study and training to become a qualified graphologist. However, there are simple and logical explanations that can show you; how and why graphology works, and the implications for its practical uses.

The following handwritings are samples of famous people. We have provided a mini-analysis of some of the main features of these writings. It is for the purpose of your review. In no way is this to be determined as a complete and in-depth analysis. We have chosen a variety of samples purposely selected for their unique graphology characteristics and others simply because of their fame. Please enjoy these as they are meant only for the purpose of public interest.

This is a copy of a draft from Hitler written in 1938. Hitler was 49 years old at the time of this sample. We make allowances for a different "copybook" [copybook is the alphabet of the language that was taught at school] which at the time Hitler went to school; the copybook was quite angular; even so, this is still more angular than the copybook.

We can notice that the sample is still very rigid and angular. There is a great deal of energy in the overall picture, and notice how the words at the end of the lines "crash" into the page, and forcing the word to turn downward. The signature is on an extreme downhill baseline. The sample has a moderate to strong right hand slant, but the slant grows more rightward as the line progresses often. The left margin is erractic.

There is emphasis in horizontal motion in the upper zone; so Hitler had intellectual drive and motivation. He was not stupid as history has indicated. Hitler had a great deal of energy, and motivation. He was very impatient, structured and rigid. There is inflexibility in the writing, and so was Hitler. It was his way or the highway. He was an unyielding man. The writing is powerful, and driven. In fact, it is driven so strongly; that Hitler would completely ignore obvious warning signs and keep plowing ahead. [the crashing right margin] He was relentless.

Even though this sample was written before World War II began; we can see clearly that Hitler was a dangerous persson. The combination of pressure, inflexibility, and crashing right margins indicate a person who will not listen to reason, is headstrong and overly committed to his goals.

Hitler was very emotional and the excess of angles betrays his hostility. The right hand slant that grows stronger shows that the writer will get carried away with his emotions. When the slant returns, it indicates that the writer is regaining control of their emotions. The fluctuations in Hitler's script portrays the emotional rollercoaster he was on. But make no mistake; he rarely controlled his emotions; the control factors are weak in comparison. He mostly would just get carried away.

This sample also shows the severe depression and suicidal tendencies that Hitler had inside him. Besides the crashing right margin; his own signature shows of suicidal tendencies with the severe downhill baseline. This has been with him for quite some time, the baseline has progressively increased in its downhill angle. Hitler had been greatly depressed for many years previous to this sample . Hitler was anti--social and it is clearly evidenced by the wavy and sinuous left margin. In combination with strong motivational factors; he had the ability to manifest his anti-social tendencies.

He would throw temper tantrums like a child. If he couldn't get concensus with simple discussion; he would yell louder and louder until he got that agreement. [notice how the size of the writing increases as the letter progresses. This is the equivalent to "written shouting"]

This graphology trait is one of the most negative in all graphology. Along with "crashing right margins", suicidal tendencies, and rigid and angular handwriting; we can clearly see the maniacal behavior that made Hitler infamous. However, he was far from stupid as portrayed in history.

Here, we have a sample of Josef Stalin written at the very end of 1941. This sample leaves a lot to be desired. We are not privileged to see the entire written sample; so important information regarding spatial arrangements is missing. However, from this sample we can make certain determinations. The writing is pastose, the slant is strongly rightward, the pressure is heavy, their are many counterstrokes, and a graphology trait known as the "shark's tooth". These sharks teeth are found as they "jump" from the middle zone and into the upper zone; and their are examples of the "clubbed" t-bars. The middle zone letters vary in size; width and height, and their are many covered strokes. The writing is very fluent, though.

Remember, that even though the sample is written in Russian; the rules of graphology still apply. And I am able to utilize these rules to analyze the sample. I do not read the samples for analysis. It is the graphology traits within the sample that I analyze in order to formulate the characteristics of the personality.

The writing is fast; except for tremulous third and fourth lines. The English translation may explain this. Stalin is discussing the importance of this historical event and the siege of Leningrad. Because of this, I can estimate that the tremors in the writing of these sentences are due to the sensitive nature of the content.

Stalin's quick pen and rising shark's teeth into the upper zone portray a man who had a quick mind, and able to string his thoughts in succession without problem. He was very cunning and crafty. He used his intellect to stab you in the back at his most opportune times. He looked for your weakness and then attacked where and when you would least expect it. [shark's teeth "rising" into upper zone, covered strokes, and counter stroke "o"s]

Stalin's word meant absolutely nothing. He was not trustworthy. The counterstrokes lead directly into arcades telling us how Stalin would double talk, then literally "pull the wool over your eyes". The strong right hand slant in addition to the pastosity tells us that Stalin was emotional and indulged in vices of sensuality, such as food, wine, and other sensations. There are strong left ward slanted letters that suddenly appear. These are Stalin's attempts at self control. The overall writing is somewhat volatile, however, Stalin would grip himself with a strong control, and then plan the cunning counter attack against his perceived "enemy".

Stalin was erratic in personality, and these factors contribute to making him an interesting person to graphology. There is a lot of varieties going on in his writing and hence within Stalin himself. He viewed himself as the people's protector, and he was overly fanatic and zealous about this. [overly large arcades shooting up into the upper zone. Symbolic of "protecting" the middle zone, where the aspects of society is] Here, he would lie and even kill to protect "his people, namely Russia". [A special note of extreme significance are those "clubbed" t-bars which are most prevelant towards the bottom of the writing sample] When all else failed, he would literally "club" or kill his enemies; those that he perceived, stood in his way. Or those that threatened "his people".

He saw himself as an aristocrat, and above common law, which included answering to others. Not all the time, but when it suited his desires, or the need arose in his mind. [There are parts of the sample where there is only middle zone dominance, this fluctuates in and out. Middle zone dominance at the expense of the other two zones depict a personality who is God like. He dominates and is all the world. This is the classic graphology symbolism of the egomaniac.] Since there are many other parts which are more tri-zonal, I must interpret this aspect as a conditional feeling. In other words, "when it suited him, or the need arose, in his mind"

Stalin lived by the motto "the ends always justified the means".

He was a very determined man, and capable of action and accomplishing goals he set his mind on. The heavy pressure tells us this. However, his stunted and muted lower zone informs us that Stalin either suffered a childhood illness or had sexual deficiencies. It is most notable in the signature. [ "Y" is the Russian letter for "J" in "Josef", note that the lower zone part of the "Y" is completely missing]

Napoleon wrote this sample in 1821, just before his death. The sample is thin, until the end of the sample; then we can easily see a very muddy quality to the writing. The integrity of the handwriting disintegrates toward the end. Napoleon's extravagant signature stands out clearly.

There are many "tics" in the sample, especially on the t-bars, and some long push off strokes at the ends of words. The sample is full of "pyramids" and long t-bars. The baseline is uphill, but it is a stepped baseline. The pressure is fairly weak, and inconsistent. The spacing between words is wide, and the left margin is wavy and sinuous. There appears to be two "rivers" in the sample of about equal spacing from both the left margin and the right one.

Remember, this is written at the time when Napoleon was near death. He probably knew it too. That can easily explain much of the essence of his handwriting at this time.

Napoleon knew that he was no longer in charge. He was a defeated man. Still, he kept up the appearence of his former and more powerful self expression. Even though he was powerless and in exile while this sample was written; he kept up the personna of the general. He gave out orders, was inflexible, and acted outwardly like the leader of a powerful French nation.[This is clearly evidenced by the strong underscore of his signature, in such sharp contrast as the weakness of the writing, and the disintegration towards the end of the sample]

In truth, even Napoleon knew that this was just a "false personna". He was depressed, and did everything to quickly snap out of his constant depressive states. Still, it caught up with him, no matter what he did.[stepped uphill baseline, disintegration of the writing]

At the time of this writing, Napoleon like his writing was literally disintegrating, and he only had his memories and former self left to contemplate. His losses had taken its toll. He was as feable as the writing indicates. The many "tics" in the sample display the tension and despair in Napoleon's life. His lower zone is sporadic, but the despair shows through so eloquently in the last few sentences of muddiness, and disintegration. He gathers himself right afterward to show everyone how strong and how much of an icon he is, with his pedestalled overly strong underscore. The signature is compensation for a terribly weak and powerless man.

Napoleon still had an active and agile mind though. [His forms are simplified, the writing is quick, and there is good height and activity in the upper zone] In this case, his mind may have caused him more harm than good. He was not stupid, and all the other aspects of the writing indicate a person who was trying to fool himself and others. His intellect was too smart for him to get away with it, though.

To make matters worse, the "rivers" are literally "splits" in the personality. In this case, Napoleon is struggling between his true self and his past personna.